- Series :
- Mounting Type :
- Package / Case :
-
- 10-WFDFN Exposed Pad (9)
- 16-TSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width) Exposed Pad (7)
- 20-VFQFN Exposed Pad (9)
- 20-VQFN Exposed Pad (6)
- 20-VSSOP (0.173", 4.40mm Width) Exposed Pad (3)
- 4-XDFN Exposed Pad (7)
- 5-TSSOP, SC-70-5, SOT-353 (10)
- 6-SMD, Flat Leads (145)
- 6-TSSOP, SC-88, SOT-363 (1)
- 6-UDFN Exposed Pad, CSP (26)
- 6-UFBGA, WLCSP (13)
- 6-WDFN Exposed Pad (2)
- 8-PowerSOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width) (12)
- 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width) Exposed Pad (46)
- 8-TSSOP, 8-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width) (24)
- 8-TSSOP, 8-MSOP (0.118", 3.00mm Width) Exposed Pad (23)
- 8-UDFN Exposed Pad (11)
- 8-VDFN Exposed Pad (16)
- 8-WDFN Exposed Pad, CSP (3)
- 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad (86)
- 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad, CSP (83)
- 8-XFDFN Exposed Pad (3)
- SC-74A, SOT-753 (136)
- SOT-23-5 Thin, TSOT-23-5 (32)
- SOT-23-6 (2)
- SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 (110)
- SOT-5 (3)
- SOT-89-5/6 (110)
- TO-220-7 (5)
- TO-220-7 (Formed Leads) (3)
- TO-263-8, D²Pak (7 Leads + Tab), TO-263CA (12)
- Output Type :
- Supplier Device Package :
-
- 10-TDFN-EP (3x3) (9)
- 16-HTSSOP (7)
- 20-HQFN (1)
- 20-HTSSOP-B (3)
- 20-VQFN (1)
- 20-VQFN (5x5) (6)
- 4-DFN (1x1) (7)
- 5-TSOT (3)
- 6-LFCSP-UD (2x2) (26)
- 6-TDFN-EP (3x3) (2)
- 6-WLCSP (0.95x1.16) (13)
- 8-DFN (1.6x1.2) (3)
- 8-DFN (2x2) (54)
- 8-DFN (2x3) (32)
- 8-DFN (3x3) (10)
- 8-HSON (11)
- 8-LFCSP-WD (3x3) (86)
- 8-MSOP (38)
- 8-MSOP-PowerPad (9)
- 8-SO PowerPad (12)
- 8-SOIC-EP (46)
- 8-SON (3x3) (6)
- DDPAK/TO-263-7 (12)
- SC-70-5 (10)
- SC-70-6 (1)
- SNT-6A (H) (145)
- SOT-23-5 (136)
- SOT-89-5 (110)
- TSOT-23-5 (13)
- TSOT-23-8 (110)
- TSOT-5 (19)
- VQFN020V4040 (7)
- Current - Output :
- Current - Quiescent (Iq) :
- Output Configuration :
- Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed) :
-
- -1.18V (22)
- -15V (3)
- 0.5V (9)
- 0.65V (10)
- 0.6V (48)
- 0.8V (37)
- 0.8V (2.5V) (7)
- 1.05V (6)
- 1.15V (3)
- 1.25V (5)
- 1.2V (88)
- 1.3V (30)
- 1.45V (1)
- 1.4V (12)
- 1.55V (1)
- 1.5V (50)
- 1.6V (12)
- 1.7V (12)
- 1.85V (13)
- 1.9V (12)
- 15V (25)
- 1V (10)
- 2.1V (11)
- 2.2V (12)
- 2.3V (12)
- 2.4V (12)
- 2.5V (71)
- 2.6V (12)
- 2.75V (1)
- 2.85V (12)
- 2.8V (19)
- 2.95V (1)
- 2.9V (18)
- 2V (13)
- 3.1V (16)
- 3.2V (13)
- 3.3V (105)
- 3.4V (12)
- 3.5V (20)
- 3V (32)
- 4.2V (5)
- 5V (70)
- Voltage - Output (Max) :
- Voltage Dropout (Max) :
-
- .27V @ 2A (6)
- 0.05V @ 1A (1)
- 0.09V @ 500mA (5)
- 0.135V @ 1A (9)
- 0.15V @ 500mA (4)
- 0.165V @ 1A (3)
- 0.18V @ 1.5A (9)
- 0.1V @ 1A (2)
- 0.212V @ 1A (5)
- 0.225V @ 1A (5)
- 0.23V @ 300mA (8)
- 0.27V @ 300mA (3)
- 0.2V @ 800mA (9)
- 0.31V @ 300mA (141)
- 0.32V @ 400mA (2)
- 0.33V @ 1A (7)
- 0.33V @ 300mA (Typ) (3)
- 0.33V @ 500mA (2)
- 0.35V @ 300mA (55)
- 0.38V @ 300mA (47)
- 0.3V @ 1A (1)
- 0.3V @ 1A (Typ) (3)
- 0.3V @ 2A (1)
- 0.3V @ 30mA (2)
- 0.3V @ 500mA (3)
- 0.42V @ 200mA (70)
- 0.42V @ 300mA (58)
- 0.43V @ 100mA (48)
- 0.45V @ 3A (9)
- 0.47V @ 300mA (29)
- 0.4V @ 500mA (12)
- 0.51V @ 100mA (164)
- 0.56V @ 300mA (17)
- 0.5V @ 1A (3)
- 0.5V @ 300mA (13)
- 0.5V @ 500mA (4)
- 0.63V @ 1A (1)
- 0.67V @ 300mA (23)
- 0.6V @ 1A (6)
- 0.6V @ 200mA (15)
- 0.7V @ 500mA (6)
- 0.8V @ 1A (7)
- PSRR :
-
- 53dB (1kHz) (3)
- 54dB (100Hz) (7)
- 55dB (10kHz) (18)
- 56dB (1kHz) (6)
- 58dB ~ 48dB (120Hz ~ 1kHz) (5)
- 60dB (120Hz) (22)
- 60db ~ 20dB (100kHz ~ 1MHz) (18)
- 60dB ~ 57dB (120Hz ~ 1kHz) (5)
- 65dB (1kHz) (19)
- 65dB ~ 55dB (120Hz ~ 10kHz) (2)
- 67dB (120Hz) (22)
- 70dB (120Hz) (34)
- 70dB (1kHz) (383)
- 70dB ~ 55dB (1kHz ~ 100kHz) (3)
- 72dB (10kHz) (7)
- 72dB (120Hz) (15)
- 72dB ~ 61dB (120Hz ~ 1kHz) (9)
- 73dB (120Hz) (30)
- 75dB (120Hz) (18)
- 75dB ~ 55dB (1kHz ~ 100kHz) (4)
- 77dB (120Hz) (20)
- 78dB ~ 53dB (1kHz ~ 1MHz) (3)
- 79dB (120Hz) (18)
- 80dB ~ 55dB (1kHz ~ 100kHz) (3)
- 80dB ~ 65dB (120Hz ~ 1kHz) (9)
- 80dB ~ 70dB (120Hz ~ 1kHz) (9)
- 85dB (120Hz) (48)
- 88dB ~ 50dB (10kHz ~ 1MHz) (63)
- 90dB ~ 55dB (1kHz ~ 1MHz) (3)
- Protection Features :
-
- Over Current (383)
- Over Current, Over Temperature (243)
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity (214)
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Short Circuit (6)
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Short Circuit, Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO) (27)
- Over Current, Over Temperature, Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO) (39)
- Over Temperature (4)
- Over Temperature, Short Circuit (30)
- Over Temperature, Short Circuit, Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO) (7)
953 products
IMAGE | PART NO. | PRICE (reference only) | QUANTITY | STOCK | MANUFACTURE | DESCRIPTION | Series | Part Status | Packaging | Operating Temperature | Mounting Type | Package / Case | Voltage - Input (Max) | Output Type | Supplier Device Package | Current - Supply (Max) | Current - Output | Current - Quiescent (Iq) | Control Features | Output Configuration | Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed) | Voltage - Output (Max) | Number of Regulators | Voltage Dropout (Max) | PSRR | Protection Features | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
1,673
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 15V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 15V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 60dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
2,826
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 15V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 15V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 60dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
827
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 67dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
1,366
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 3.3V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 3.3V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 70dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
3,425
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 2.5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 2.5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 73dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
3,795
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 1.8V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.8V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 75dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
2,792
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 1.5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 77dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
2,624
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 1.2V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.2V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 79dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
2,977
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN POS ADJ 100MA TSOT23 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -55°C ~ 150°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Adjustable | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 0.6V | 44.5V | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 85dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
949
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Analog Devices Inc. | IC REG LINEAR 4.2V 1A 8LFCSP | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad, CSP | 6.5V | Fixed | 8-LFCSP-WD (3x3) | 6.3mA | 1A | 2mA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 4.2V | - | 1 | - | - | Over Current, Over Temperature | ||||
|
3,991
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 15V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 15V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 60dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
604
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 15V 100MA 8DFN | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad | 45V | Fixed | 8-DFN (2x2) | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 15V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 60dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
3,763
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 67dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
2,454
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 3.3V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 3.3V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 70dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
2,244
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 2.5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 2.5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 73dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
769
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 1.8V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.8V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 75dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
3,614
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 1.5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 77dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
1,556
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 1.2V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.2V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 79dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
3,283
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 5V 100MA 8DFN | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad | 45V | Fixed | 8-DFN (2x2) | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 67dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
1,018
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 3.3V 100MA 8DFN | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad | 45V | Fixed | 8-DFN (2x2) | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 3.3V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 70dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
3,740
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 2.5V 100MA 8DFN | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad | 45V | Fixed | 8-DFN (2x2) | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 2.5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 73dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
673
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 1.8V 100MA 8DFN | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad | 45V | Fixed | 8-DFN (2x2) | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.8V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 75dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
1,165
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 1.5V 100MA 8DFN | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad | 45V | Fixed | 8-DFN (2x2) | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 77dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
947
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 1.2V 100MA 8DFN | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad | 45V | Fixed | 8-DFN (2x2) | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.2V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 79dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
1,753
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN POS ADJ 100MA TSOT23 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Adjustable | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 0.6V | 44.5V | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 85dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
2,836
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN POS ADJ 100MA 8DFN | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | 8-WFDFN Exposed Pad | 45V | Adjustable | 8-DFN (2x2) | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 0.6V | 44.5V | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 85dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
833
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LINEAR 5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 67dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
2,182
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 2.5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 2.5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 73dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
3,478
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 1.8V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.8V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 75dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity | ||||
|
1,066
Ships today + free overnight shipping
|
Linear Technology/Analog Devices | IC REG LIN 1.5V 100MA TSOT23-8 | - | Active | Tape & Reel (TR) | -40°C ~ 125°C | Surface Mount | SOT-23-8 Thin, TSOT-23-8 | 45V | Fixed | TSOT-23-8 | 4mA | 100mA | 80µA | Enable, Soft Start | Positive | 1.5V | - | 1 | 0.51V @ 100mA | 77dB (120Hz) | Over Current, Over Temperature, Reverse Polarity |